Thursday, December 26, 2019

Making Connections Young People and the Internet Free Essay Example, 2750 words

It is evidently clear from the discussion that the prolific transformation of the Internet into a commercial model and consumer orientated medium has further created gaps in the youth culture and the contemporary construction of youth culture in terms of how young people utilize online information streams and web-based services. However, the literature review reveals that the central focus when considering the impact of the internet particularly on youth has focused on threats such as cyberbullying, crime, and pedophilia, with little attention being given to online game playing, entertainment, and shopping. It is submitted that these trends shape youth culture, which in turn impacts changes in socio-cultural trends and social behavior. Moreover, research from as early as 1998 indicates that this aspect of the Internet is the central role in the constructions of contemporary youth culture. Bennett and Harris further posit that the role and impact of technology on youth culture has created polarised theories such as postmodernism on the one hand to the cultural studies approach on the other. The post modern rationale opines that youth is shaped by cultural norms. We will write a custom essay sample on Making Connections: Young People and the Internet or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page

Wednesday, December 18, 2019

A Comparative Study of Walmart - 6782 Words

A Comparative Study of Walmart Operations in Canada amp; Mexico Table of Contents 1. Executive Summary†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦...2 2. Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.3 3. Walmart and the Canadian Marketplace†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦3 A. Country Competitiveness B. Cultural Environment C. Political and Legal Environment D. Entry Strategies 4. Walmart and the Mexican Marketplace†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.10 A. Country Competitiveness B. Cultural Environment C. Political and Legal Environment D. Entry Strategies 5. Summary Comparison of Canadian and Mexican Markets†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.18 6. Recommendation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.19 7. References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...21 1. Executive†¦show more content†¦(Walmart, 2012) The company announced a $750 million, 73-store expansion plan in early 2012. A. Country Competitiveness A large multinational company such as Walmart experiences different opportunities and challenges in the countries in which it does business. Walmart being the largest retailer in the world, must adapt to varying business environments. Canada’s competitiveness relative to Walmart’s expansion is viewed through Porter’s diamond framework. Country-Level Determinants The passage of NAFTA represented an enticing opportunity for Walmart to capitalize on the discount store industry, of which only Zellers and K-Mart had a presence in. NAFTA also paved the road for Walmart’s expansion into Canada. The agreement had the intention of creating job and economic growth as well as eliminating tariffs and controls on goods transported amongst the three countries. This phenomenon of internationalization created openness and capability for Walmart to capitalize on goods production in one country, followed by movement and sales in the other. Moreover, currency valuation in present day represents an opportunity for retailers to expand into the Canadian market. Due to the strong Canadian dollar, the economic conditions are enticing for any retailer looking to expand – a key reason why Target has transitioned into the market. At the time of acquisition, Woolworth took ownership of the $45-millionShow MoreRelatedAnalysis O f Walmart Stock Prices Over A Two Year Period1653 Words   |  7 Pagesresearch paper aims to forecast Walmart stock prices over a two year period. But because stock prices are more substantial when they are presented either in monthly or weekly data, the paper will be forecasting over two years but on a monthly basis i.e. Walmart stock prices is forecasted over a 24 month period. Before we get into details about the paper, Walmart is one of the largest retail stores in the US with branches in other countries either bearing the name Walmart or some other names like GameRead MoreCase Study Steinhouse Knitting Mills (Canada)1608 Words   |  7 PagesSteinhouse operates in the higher price band and this sector is dominated by named brands such as Polo and others and departmental stores and the customers prefer such brands over the lesser-known brands such as Steinhouse. Large retailers such as Walmart, prefer to buy directly in bulk from low wage countries such as Bangladesh, China and others. The US market has a very high potential and trade barriers are not present meaning that the company can sell their products freely in the market. They areRead MoreRadio Frequency Identification ( Rfid )1582 Words   |  7 Pagescoordinate and manage these activities. It is the management of flow of goods, storage of raw materials, work in process inventory and finished goods from point of origin to point of consumption. Few companies that deal with supply chain management are Walmart, Unilever, McDonald’s, Amazon, Procter and Gamble, Samsung Electronics, Cisco, Intel among others. In any industry, new technologies are employed in order to reduce the burden in terms of cost and wastage. This is the sole purpose of Supply chainRead MoreIn Finance, Scholars Are Led By The Matter They Want To1076 Words   |  5 PagesIn Finance, scholars are led by the matter they want to study and define the approaches and the methods to use according to the environment and the subject of the study. During this essay, we will describe how scholars in finance approach problems and topics, then we will explore the methods they use before examining how they ensure the quality and the publication of the result of their research. The goal of research in the science of finance is to improve the financial environment and the financialRead MoreQuestions On A Business Case For Sustainability2484 Words   |  10 Pagesconsumer. How has Walmart pursued this strategy? Firms increase profitability by creating value for the consumer, specifically by creating more consumer surplus. Value creation is measured by the difference between V (the price that the firm can charge for that product given competitive pressures) and C (the costs of producing that product). There are two basic strategies for creating value, differentiation and low cost. Opening price points are the rock bottom prices that Walmart showcases in specialRead MoreUse Of Radio Frequency Identification Technology1098 Words   |  5 PagesInformation: Kelly, E. P., Erickson, G. S. (2005). RFID tags: Commercial applications v. privacy rights. Industrial Management Data Systems, 105(5), 703-713. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/234908003?accountid=107221. Purpose of Study: Seeks to examine the use of radio frequency identification technology in commercial applications and to discuss whether regulation is needed to balance commercial economic interests versus consumer privacy and libertarian concerns. Sampling Comments:Read MoreThe Value Of A Business Chain2446 Words   |  10 PagesJoseph’s University The Value of a Business Chain Exploring Wal-Mart’s Key Advantage Over The Competition Michael Cadwallader Foundations for BI: DSS600 Marvin Hagen June 26, 2015 Introduction Throughout the course of this year’s studies, much attention has been devoted to the importance of understanding the value of a business’s value chain. The foundations for a successful business can perhaps emerge in a number of different areas, but there is little doubt that an optimal valueRead MoreEssay on Investigating the possibility of Negligent Tort1701 Words   |  7 Pagesdollars of property damage that was reported dehumidifiers’ brands manufactured by Gree previous recall. Nevertheless, there were no reported injuries (Consumer Safety, 2014). The Dehumidifiers were sold at major store chain such as Sam’s Club, Walmart in the United States, Canada, and online through Amazon and EBay, during the time period of April 2008 until December 2011 ranging in price from $180 to $270 (Consumer Safety, 2014). Analyzing Manufacturer Liability Although the manufacturerRead MoreEssay on Wal-Mart and the Yuan Debate1292 Words   |  6 PagesActivity 2.3 Case Study: Wal-Mart and the yuan debate Why is the value of the yuan so important? Wal-Mart’s business strategy relies on low production costs which it can pass on to its customers. If Wal-Mart were a country then it would be China’s eighth largest trading partner ahead of Russia, Australia, and Canada. Wal-Mart’s non-Chinese owned suppliers operating in China number nearly 5,000 and all of them benefit from a low valued yuan compared to the dollar. The 176 million worldwide customersRead MoreWal Marts Failure in Korea1166 Words   |  5 PagesAll these differences in culture between America and Korea result in a very different communication style. Koreans are more likely to communicate indirectly and are more prone to be apprehensive about communicating than Americans. (Merkin, 2009) Studies show that these differences in communication styles are also manifest in a business context. A large part of problems stem from language ability or lack thereof. Korean managers are usually not proficient in English. (De Mente, 1994) Therefor Korean

Tuesday, December 10, 2019

Legal Studies Legal Rights and Obligations

Question: Discuss about the case study Legal Studies for Legal Rights and Obligations. Answer: Introduction: To advice Connor, Dolly, Eileen and Flora with regards to their legal rights and obligations in wake of the relevant legal principles in the given situation. In order to have an enforceable contract, one of the pre-requisites is to have a valid agreement. A valid agreement typically has two components namely offer and acceptance. It is imperative that an offer must be made by the offeror and unconditional acceptance must be granted by the offeree in order to enact a valid agreement (Carter, 2012). In this regards, it is imperative to differentiate between offers and invitations to treat. Normally, advertisements which promote the sale of a particular good are not constituted as offers but are merely considered as invitation to treat. As a result, there is no obligation on the person doing the advertisement to sell the good. This is supported by the verdict of Partridge v Crittenden[1968] 1 WLR 1204 where the defendant had released an advertisement with regards to sale of some protected birds in the newspaper. Based on this advertisement, the defendant was charged with the illegal act of making an offer to sell protected birds (Latimer, 2005). However, the court ruled that the defendant is not guilty since the advertisement was given so as to attract proposals or offers which may or may not be accepted by the defendant. Further, Lord Parker CJ opined that the treatment of advertisement as offers tends to violate business sense as acceptance from multiple people for the same goo d may land the person displaying the advertisement in a position where obligation to sell exceeds the amount owned (Pathinayake, 2014). Additionally, once an offer is made, it needs to be given unconditional acceptance before the offer is withdrawn. The offeror may withdraw the offer any time before acceptance is communicated to the offeree. It is noteworthy that making a decision to accept on the part of the offeree does not constitute an acceptance and the same needs to be communicated to the offeror. This is apparent from the arguments made in the Bressan v Squires [1974] 2 NSWLR 460 case (Gibson Fraser, 2014). The acceptance may be communicated to the offeror using any of the acceptable communication mediums. One of the communication mediums that could be used by the offeree is the postal medium. In contracts and agreements that are negotiated through the postal medium, certain rules need to be adhered to which are given below (Pendleton Vickery, 2005). The offer sent by the offeror through post would become enforceable only when the offeree actually receives the same. With regards to communication of acceptance through post, this would become enforceable as soon as the letter indicating acceptance is posted by the offeree. The date of receipt of this letter by the offeror is immaterial to the acceptance of the contract. The rules highlighted above have been derived from the arguments made during the Tallerman Co Pty Ltd v Nathan's Merchandise(1957) 98 CLR 93 case (Pathinayake, 2014). Application In order to apply the various facets of contract law that have been discussed above, we first need to summarise the case facts. Case facts Connor floated an advertisement for selling the car which was parked outside his house. The advertisement was pasted on the windscreen and had the expected price and also the contact number. Dolly saw the car and called Connor on the provided number to communicate that she would be willing to buy the car at $ 23,000. Connor said that he would consider the offer. Meanwhile, another customer Eileen saw the car and called at 11 am, Monday on the same day and left a note with Connors daughter regarding buying the car for $ 26,000 and also kept a cheque for an equivalent amount. In afternoon, on Monday, Connor send a letter at 2:30 pm (Monday) communicating his desire to sell the car to Dolly for $ 23,000. However, later at 4:30 pm, Connor read Eileens note and hence called Dolly to communicate that the deal was off but Dolly was away and hence received the message only on Wednesday 8 pm. Also, at 2:15 pm on Monday, Fiona sent a letter along with a $ 26,000 cheque for the car which due to misprinting of address reached Connor on Friday. Application of Law Connors advertisement in the given case does not amount to offer but actually is an invitation to treat as discussed in the law section above. Thus, Connor through the advertisement is intending to attract offers for the car. In light of this, the offers made by various interested parties need to be evaluated. Dolly - Dolly made an offer to buy the displayed car for $ 23,000 and communicated the same to the owner Connor using appropriate communication means. Although, Connor did not give immediate acceptance for the offer but through post later at 2:30 communicated his acceptance. In accordance with the postal rules of contract, the acceptance becomes valid as soon as the acceptance letter is posted. Hence, at 2:30 pm on Monday, Dolly and Connor entered into a legally enforceable contract for the car. Further, attempts by Connor to communicate the cancellation of the deal by phone do not amount to cancellation of contract as the same was not received and agreed by Dolly. Eileen Eileen made an offer to buy the displayed car for $ 26,000 and communicated the same to the owner Connors daughter using appropriate communication means. She left a note which captured all the information communicated by Eileen. However, Connor came to know about Eileens offer only after he had already communicated acceptance for Dollys offer. Thus, no contract with Eileen is deemed to be enacted since there is no acceptance by Connor and also the car is already sold. Fiona Fiona made an offer to buy the displayed car for $ 23,000 and communicated the same to the owner Connor through mail. However, since the mail was delivered to Connor only on Friday, hence in accordance with the postal rules of contract, Fionas offer would become valid only on Friday. However, by that time the car has already been sold and there is no acceptance by Connor due to which no legal contract exists between Connor and Fiona with regards to selling of the displayed car. It is apparent from the above that Connor has an enforceable legal contract for the sale of car with Dolly only. As a result, Connor should provide Dolly with the car for a consideration of $ 23,000. In case, Connor denies fulfilment of his contractual obligations to seal a contract with Dolly, then Dolly can charge Connor with breach of contract and thus force him to sell the car for $ 23,000. Conclusion From the above discussion, it may be concluded that Connor has a legally enforceable contract to sell the car with Dolly for a consideration of $ 23,000. Further, Eileen and Fiona have no rights and obligations with regards to car and Connor should promptly return their cheques. Also, breach of contract by Connor would have serious implications for him as Dolly can press charges and demand enforcement of contract. Meanwhile, if Dolly due to some reason denies taking delivery, then Connor can enter into a fresh contract with either Eileen or Fiona. Issue To opine if Dan can receive compensation from Toff Dry Cleaners considering the situation of the given case. Law There are various terms that may be written in the receipt or contractual agreement, but for these to be considered by the court, there are three specific requirements that must be complied with. These conditions are highlighted below. The notice with regards to the terms of the contract should be provided either before or during the contract or agreement. This is in line with the arguments made under Olley v Marlborough Court Hotel[1949] 1 KB 532 where it was ruled that for any term to be included in the contract and enforceable in the court, it should be provided to the other party at any time before the contract is enacted (Lindgren, 2011). However, an exception to this rule is when there is past dealings between the two parties and thereby a fresh notice stating the terms may not be required as it would become implied (Carter, 2012). Additionally, these terms must be placed in a document which is intended to bind the parties into contractual obligations. This is apparent from the arguments made inChapelton v Barry Urban District Council[1940] 1 KB 532 case where it was held that receipt cannot be treated as a document which is to contain contractual clauses. Thus, the terms need to be stated in document which is worthy of acting as a contract document (Latimer, 2005). Another condition that needs to be fulfilled is that the party must take reasonable measures to bring to the notice of the other party about the various conditions that are intended to serve as terms to the contract. This is apparent from the verdict given in the Parker v South Eastern Railway Company[1877] 2 CPD 416 where it was ruled that it is the duty of the party issuing receipt to take reasonable measures to bring to the notice of the other party about the conditions. Despite these measures, the party eventually may not read the conditions but it does not matter since reasonable steps have been taken (Gibson Fraser, 2014). A relevant case is the Curtis v Chemical Cleaning Co [1951] 1 KB 805. In the given case, the defendants were given their wedding dress for cleaning by the plaintiff. The plaintiff was made to sign a Receipt and it was communicated by the defendants assistant that in case of any damage to beads and sequins, the cleaner would not be held liable. However, the receipt had a damage clause which provided the cleaner immunity against liability arising from any damage to the clothes. Later, the dress suffered a lot of stains and the court ruled in favour of the plaintiff since the assistant had given wrong information about the exemption clause (Lindgren, 2011). Besides, in all commercial transactions, tort law is also applicable as it is imperative that neither of the parties should act in a negligent manner and exemption clause on the receipt do not extend to cover the negligent behaviour. Even if exemption clauses are applicable, then also these do not escape liability borne out of negligence but only seek to provide immunity against any damage despite reasonable care (Davenport Parker, 2014). Application In the given case, Dan gave some clothes for cleaning for which he was provided docket which we did not read. When he came back to receive the clothes, his suit was found missing while her wifes silk dress was badly stained. Dan demanded compensation for the damage but the dry cleaner owner did not agree and instead point to the exemption clause at the back of the docket which indicated that the cleaner would not be held liable for damage or loss of clothing that is given for cleaning. However, Dan claims that he had never read this or seen the sign displayed behind the counter which said the same. In the given case, Dan is liable to receive compensation from the dry cleaner. This is because no reasonable efforts were taken on the part of the staff of the drycleaner to bring to the notice of Dan about the conditions listed in the docket or on the sign. Further, he is also not aware of it by virtue of the past dealings with the drycleaner. As a result, the exclusion clause is not enforceable here in line with the discussion of the law above. In the event that the assistant had informed Dan about the exclusion clause, then also there would not have been any difference to the conclusion drawn above. With regards to Dans suit, it is apparent that the suit has been lost due to negligent behaviour on the part of the drycleaner since his suit was provided to another customer without proper verification. There is a duty to care for the customers clothes on the part of the drycleaner which has not been satisfied here (Latimer, 2005). Hence, for the suit, compensation is to be paid to Dan. With regards to Dans wife silk dress, it is apparent that the assistant has miscommunicated the scope of the exclusion clause and hence in line with the judgement in the Curtis v Chemical Cleaning Co [1951] 1 KB 805. Dan would be liable to receive compensation in this case also due to faulty information about the exclusion clause. As per the tort law, there is a duty to care on the part of the drycleaners. Due to negligence, the suit has been lost and dress damaged. In this case, any convenience which is borne by Dan and his wife would also be payable by the dry cleaner. This is because this inconvenience is being caused due to the negligent action of the drycleaner and in the event the drycleaner would have not acted negligently, this inconvenience could have been avoided (Davenport Parker, 2014). Thus, any expense for the hiring of the dress for the event would also be borne by the drycleaner along with the compensation for the clothes. References Carter, J 2012, Contract Act in Australia, 3rd eds., LexisNexis Publications, Sydney Davenport, S Parker, D 2014, Business and Law in Australia, 2nd eds., LexisNexis Publications, Sydney Gibson, A Fraser, D 2014. Business Law, 8th eds., Pearson Publications, Sydney Latimer, P 2005. Australian business law, 24th eds., CCH Australia Ltd. Sydney Lindgren, KE 2011, Vermeesch and Lindgren's Business Law of Australia, 12th eds., LexisNexis Publications, Sydney Pendleton, W Vickery, N 2005. Australian business law: principles and applications, 5th eds., Pearson Publications, Sydney Pathinayake, A 2014, Commercial and Corporations Law, 2nd eds., Thomson-Reuters, Sydney Bressan v Squires [1974] 2 NSWLR 460 Chapelton v Barry Urban District Council[1940] 1 KB Curtis v Chemical Cleaning Co [1951] 1 KB 805. Olley v Marlborough Court Hotel[1949] 1 KB 532 Parker v South Eastern Railway Company[1877] 2 CPD 416 Partridge v Crittenden[1968] 1 WLR 1204 Tallerman Co Pty Ltd v Nathan's Merchandise(1957) 98 CLR 93

Monday, December 2, 2019

Tell-Tale Heart Essays - Poetry By Edgar Allan Poe, Edgar Allan Poe

Tell-Tale Heart Edgar Allen Poe Edgar Allen Poe by, dave march 15 1999, Edgar Allen Poe, an America writer, was known as a poet and critic but was most famous as the master of short stories, particularly tales of the mysterious and the macrabe. The literary merits of Poes writings have been debated since his death, but his works have continued to be popular and many American and European writers have declared their artistic debt to him. Born in Boston, Massachusetts, Poe was orphaned in his early childhood and was raised by John Allen, a successful business man of Richmond, Virginia. Taken by the Allen family to England at the age of six, Poe was placed in a private school. Upon returning to the United States in 1820, he continued to study in private schools. He attended the University of Virginia for a year, but in 1827 his foster father, angry by the young mans drinking and gambling, refused to pay his debts and forced him to work as a clerk. Poe, disliking his new duties violently, he quit the job as a clerk, thus estranging Allen, and went to Boston. There his first book, Tamerlane and Other Poems (1827), was published anonymously. Shortly afterward Poe enlisted in the United States Army and served a two-year term. In 1829 his second volume of verse, Al Aaraaf, was published, and he completed a agreement with Allen, who secured him an appointment to the United States Military Academy. After only a few months at the Military Academy Poe was dismissed for neglect of duty, and his foster father disowned him permanently. Poes third book, Poems, appeared in 1831, and the following year he moved to Baltimore, where he lived with his aunt and her eleven-year-old daughter, Virginia Clemm. The following year his tale A MS. Found in a Bottle won a contest sponsored by the Baltimore Saturday Visitor. From 1835 to 1836, Poe was editor of the Southern Literary Messenger. In 1836 he married his young cousin. Throughout the next decade, much of which was linked by his wifes long illness, Poe worked as an editor for several periodicals in Phil adelphia, Pennsylvania, and in New York City. In 1847 Virginia died and Poe himself became ill; his disastrous addiction to liquor and his alleged use of drugs, recorded by contemporaries, may have contributed to his early death. Poetry and Essays Among Poes poetic output, about a dozen poems are exceptional for their perfect literary construction and for their haunting themes and rhymes. In The Raven (1845), for example, the narrator is astounded by depressed omens of death. Poes extraordinary manipulation of rhythm and sound is particularly evident in The Bells (1849), a poem that seems to echo with the chiming of metallic instruments, and The Sleeper (1831), which reproduces the state of drowsiness. Lenore (1831) and Annabel Lee (1849) are verse lamentations on the death of a beautiful young woman. In the course of his editorial work, Poe functioned largely as a book reviewer and produced significant body of criticism; his essays were famous for their sarcasm, wit, and exposure o f literary pretension. His evaluations have withstand the test of time and have earned for him a high place among American literary critics. Poes theories on the nature of fiction and, in particular, his writings on the short story have had a lasting influence on American and European writers. Stories Poe, by his own choice, was a poet, but economic necessity forced him to turn to the relatively profitable genre of prose. Whether or not Poe invented the short story, it is certain that he originated the novel of detection. Perhaps his best-known tale in this genre is The Gold Bug (1843), about a search for buried treasure. The Murders in the Rue Morgue (1841), The Mystery of Marie Roget (1842-1843), and The Purloined Letter (1844) are regarded as forefathers of the modern mystery , or detective, story. Many of Poes tales are distinguishing by the authors unusual grotesque inventiveness in addition to his marvelous plot construction. Such stories include The Narrative of Arthur Gorden Pym (1838), noted for its blend of factual and fantastic material; The Fall of the House of Usher (1839), in